As we have previously discussed, some enfermedades that affect humans can also be suffered by our pets. One of the most common is asthma, which causes respiratory complications in both people and dogs.
Asthma, also called canine chronic bronchitis, is a disease that affects the bronchioles, the smallest airways found in the lungs. When the dog inhales, these airways narrow due to inflammation, causing difficulty breathing. In more severe cases, the bronchioles may contain mucus, which blocks the passage of air and causes a bronchospasm.
Although it can affect dogs of any age, younger dogs tend to develop complications more easily.
What is asthma in dogs?
Asthma in dogs is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in difficulty breathing. This disease is primarily caused by a reaction to environmental allergens that activate a disproportionate immune response.
Causes of asthma in dogs
The development of asthma in dogs is usually due to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Below we detail the main causes that can trigger this disease:
- Allergies: Canine asthma often originates from an allergic reaction to pollen, dust mites, house dust, Chemicals, and tobacco smoke, among others.
- Respiratory infections: Sometimes one chronic bronchitis can get worse over time and trigger asthma attacks.
- Obesity: El overweight can put pressure on the lungs and worsen respiratory function, aggravating asthma symptoms.
- Genetics: Some breeds, such as the bulldogs and pugsDue to their brachycephalic structure, they are more prone to respiratory conditions.
Asthma symptoms in dogs
Asthma in dogs can manifest itself in several ways, depending on the severity of the condition. Some of the most common symptoms include:
- Dry cough: Asthma attacks are often accompanied by a dry or productive cough.
- Difficulty breathing: Dogs may have rapid breathing, become fatigued quickly, or even adopt unusual postures to facilitate air intake.
- Orthopneic posture: This occurs when the dog extends its neck forward and opens its mouth in an attempt to get more oxygen.
- Lethargy and weakness: Lack of oxygen can cause your dog to show less interest in daily activities.
- Respiratory sounds: Whistling or whistling sounds may be heard when the dog inhales or exhales.
If these symptoms persist or worsen, it is important to go to the veterinarian to make a specific diagnosis, since some diseases such as heart disease or lung infections may show similar signs.
Diagnosing Asthma in Dogs
When you suspect that a dog may have asthma, the first step is to go to the vet for a comprehensive diagnosisThe diagnostic process usually includes:
- Medical history: The veterinarian will ask questions about the frequency and duration of symptoms. He or she will also inquire about whether the dog has been exposed to possible environmental allergens.
- X-rays: Chest X-rays will help assess the condition of the lungs and rule out other diseases such as tumors or lung infections.
- Blood test: A blood test can be useful to identify inflammation or infections and assess the dog's overall health.
- Allergy tests: In cases where asthma is suspected to be related to allergies, skin tests or blood tests may be performed to detect antibodies.
In some cases, you can also perform a bronchoscopy to directly examine the dog's airways and even obtain samples.
Asthma Treatments in Dogs
Asthma treatment in dogs depends on the severity of the disease, and the main goal is to reduce inflammation and make breathing easier. Common treatment options include:
1. Bronchodilator medications
The bronchodilators They relax the muscles around the airways, allowing them to widen and improve the dog's breathing capacity. There are two main types:
- Beta-agonists: Medications such as terbutaline and salbutamol are common examples.
- Anticholinergics: El ipratropium bromide It relaxes the airways and is of great help in emergency situations.
2. Corticosteroids
These drugs have a powerful effect anti-inflammatory and are essential for controlling airway inflammation. Some common corticosteroids are prednisolone (oral), the fluticasone (inhaler), and the dexamethasone (injectable).
| Medicine | Administration form | Price (€) |
|---|---|---|
| Prednisolone | Oral | 10-15 |
| fluticasone | Inhaler | 30-40 |
| Dexamethasone | Injectable | 12-20 |
3. Antiallergic treatments
If asthma is triggered by allergens, the dog may need antiallergy treatments. These include antihistamines and cetirizine and loratadine to reduce the allergic response. There is also the option of performing immunotherapy, a long-term treatment that involves exposing the dog to controlled doses of the allergen to desensitize its immune system.
Home care for an asthmatic dog
In addition to medical treatment, it is crucial to adjust the dog's environment to reduce exposure to allergens and prevent asthma episodes. Some essential care includes:
- Vacuum frequently: Keep your home dust-free by using vacuum cleaners with HEPA filters.
- Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Do not use sprays or cleaners with strong odors in areas where the dog is.
- Decorate the house appropriately: Put air purifiers and keep areas well ventilated.
With regards to eating, it is advisable to opt for foods hypoallergenic and supplements of Omega 3 to help reduce inflammation of the bronchi.
Factors riesgo
It is important to identify and minimize the risk factors that can trigger asthma in dogs:
- Air pollution: Areas with high levels of pollution can aggravate respiratory problems.
- Chemical products: Make sure your dog is not exposed to sprays, air fresheners or irritating cleaning products.
- Overweight: Keep your dog at a healthy weight to reduce the pressure on his respiratory system.
Exercise for Asthmatic Dogs
Exercise is important, even for dogs suffering from asthma, but it is essential to do it in moderation. It is recommended to do short walks in places where pollution is low and avoid exercise during very hot hours. An anti-pull harness can make breathing easier during walks.
Asthma in dogs is a disease that, while it cannot be completely cured, can be managed correctly through environmental changes and proper treatment. Implementing these measures can ensure that your asthmatic dog lives a more comfortable and healthy life.