The Bergamasco, also known as the Bergamo Shepherd Dog, is one of the most fascinating and ancient breeds you will find in the canine world. This dog stands out for both its singular appearance with dreadlock-like hair as a sign of its noble character and perfectly balanced temperament. Originally from the Italian Alps, where it served as a shepherd and flock guardian, it has remained an emblematic breed and relatively little known outside its native land.
An ancestral origin that inspires respect
The Bergamasco has its roots in the Alpine regions of Italy, specifically in the valleys of the province of Bergamo. It is one of the oldest known breeds, and its lineage can be traced back to about 1000 years ago. 2.000 yearsAccording to some theories, their ancestors came to Italy from Asia, accompanying nomadic peoples who were looking for pastures for their flocks in Europe.
Since the 16th century, there have been mentions and representations of the Bergamasco, consolidating it as an essential dog in the tasks of herding and protecting sheep. resistance to alpine climate and its peculiar fur has made it ideal for carrying out these tasks in extreme conditions, protecting from both cold and heat.
Unique physical characteristics
The Bergamasco is a medium to large sized dog with a body robust and well proportioned. Males reach a height of between 58 and 60 cm at the cross, while females measure between 54 and 56 cm. Their weight varies between 26 and 38 kg, depending on the sex of the specimen.
What is most striking about this dog is its fur, which consists of three distinct layers:
- Inner coat or undercoat: With a soft and dense texture, it provides thermal insulation.
- Medium hair: Longer and coarser in texture, known as "goat hair."
- Outer hair: With a woolly appearance, it mixes with the other layers, forming the famous dreadlocks.
These "dreadlocks", which begin to form between the 12 and 15 months of life of the dog, are not only aesthetic, but serve a practical function by protecting the Bergamasco from inclement weather.
As for color, Bergamascos usually have a range that goes from dark grey to opaque black, with variations in grey and even reddish tones.
An ideal temperament for the family
The Bergamasco is an exceptionally dog calm, balanced and intelligentHis good-natured nature makes him a great companion for families, even those with small children. Although he is protective and wary of strangers, he is not aggressive, making him ideal as a family guard.
Their natural herding instincts lead them to “watch over” and care for their family as if they were their own flock, displaying unwavering loyalty. Furthermore, their ability to observe and learn quickly make them an easy animal to train, as long as a positive approach is used.
Grooming: Myths and Facts
Although its coat may seem complicated to maintain, the Bergamasco is relatively easy to care for. Unlike other breeds, it does not require frequent brushing. The dreadlocks form naturally, and all that is needed is a little separate the strands with your fingers occasionally to prevent compact blocks from forming that may bother the dog.
Baths should be done only when strictly necessary, always making sure that the coat dries completely, since its Density can retain moisture for several days.
A dog that needs exercise and space
The Bergamasco is active and enjoy outdoor activities. It is not suitable for living in small apartments or in tight urban environments. Ideally, it should be provided with a Large space where he can run and explore, such as a house with a garden or a large estate.
This dog has been bred for work, which means that it needs both physical and mental stimulation. long walks, country walks and interactive games are essential to maintaining their well-being.
Health and life expectancy
Bergamascos are dogs healthy and robust, with a life expectancy of between 13 and 15 years. As they have not been overcrossed, they have few predispositions to genetic diseases common in other breeds. However, it is important to carry out regular veterinary check-ups to ensure their optimal health.
Despite their physical endurance, attention should be paid to their eyes and ears, as hair buildup can cause problems if these areas are not properly cleaned.
If you are looking for a loyal, affectionate, protective dog with a striking appearance, the Bergamasco could be the ideal breed for you. However, it is important to evaluate whether you can meet its needs for space, exercise and care. This dog is not suitable for older people or those who do not have time to devote attention and activities to it.
In the right environment, the Bergamasco becomes a loyal and unique companion, who will reward his family with all his wisdom and intuition, as well as being an excellent guard and friend.