These days we may face a cold wave Polar weather and sudden temperature drops in many areas mean that many people undoubtedly prefer to stay home rather than venture out into the cold unless absolutely necessary. But the truth is, if we have a dog, we'll have to go out several times a day. This cold weather affects not only us but also our dogs, and that's why we need to have some precautions in place. basic winter care to protect your health.
Obviously, the dog breed It also has a lot to do with whether they withstand the cold well or not. Nordic breeds are genetically prepared to endure low temperatures, and their coats are adapted for it, so we won't have to worry as much. However, the vast majority of dogs may not be as well prepared for such intense cold and require more protection, especially if they are from short hair, small size, puppies or seniors.
Dogs most vulnerable to the cold and warning signs
Before thinking about coats or changes to routine, it's a good idea to know which dogs are more sensitive to the cold. Owners of dogs with sensitive skin should take extra precautions. small breed dogs with short hair (such as Chihuahuas, Pinschers, or Greyhounds), the dogs, older dogs and those who suffer heart, respiratory or joint problemsThese animals have more difficulty maintaining a stable body temperature and can cool down quickly.
It is important to recognize the Signs that your dog is coldSome warning signs are: continuous tremors, the stiffness when walking, refusal to continue walkingThey may desperately seek shelter or alternately lift their paws off the ground because the cold is uncomfortable. If they exhibit any of these behaviors, we should shorten the walk, bring them inside, and gradually warm them up, avoiding sudden temperature changes.
When does a dog need a coat in winter?
The first thing to see is whether the dog need a coat because of their fur. If their fur isn't enough to insulate them from the cold, buying them a coat will be more than just for looks; they'll actually need it. This applies to most small breeds. fine hair or little undercoatMedium-sized dogs that live in very cold climates and those that, due to age or illness, regulate their body temperature less well.
Hay coats for the cold And for rain, there are different thicknesses and levels of waterproofing, so we'll have to buy him a suitable one that's comfortable so he can walk around freely in it. It's essential that the coat doesn't restrict his movements, that it fits his body well without being too tight, and that it's made of a breathable and lightweight fabricOn days of heavy rain, a raincoat It helps keep the coat dry and reduces the risk of catching colds when returning home.
For dogs with long hair that accumulate snowballs or moisture in their coat, the following can be helpful: full-body suits to prevent cold and dampness from penetrating the skin. Although Nordic breeds tolerate low temperatures better, even they can benefit from a jacket in extreme wind or snow conditions, or during breaks from outdoor activities.
Paw pad protection and care during walks
dog pads They can also suffer from the cold. Ideally, dogs shouldn't walk on icy surfaces, because just as our skin can be burned, their paw pads can also be burned, leading to cracks and wounds. Walk them during sunny hours of the day, when they won't be walking on frozen ground, and avoid, as much as possible, prolonged contact with ice. snow, ice or salt spread on the streetsas it can cause irritation and chemical burns.
For dogs that go for walks in very cold areas, you can use special boots that protect the legs from ice, salt, and gravel. Another very useful option is to apply protective ointments or waxes Specifically designed for paw pads, these pads help keep the skin supple and less prone to cracking. It is recommended to apply them after a walk. Gently wash the paws with lukewarm water and dry them carefully, checking between your toes to remove any remaining salt, ice, or small stones.
During the winter season, especially when the cold is most intense, it is important that we control the duration and schedules of the walks To avoid overexposing the dog to the outside temperature, as this could affect its body temperature, it's best to take advantage of the middle of the day when the cold is less intense, and shorten the duration during periods of strong wind, rain, or frost.
Warm clothing (or waterproof clothing when it rains) for dogs can help them maintain their body heat, especially for dogs suffering from [conditions/conditions]. osteoarthritis, hip or spine problemsHowever, it is when we get home after the walk that we should pay attention to dry them and heat them To avoid colds, pay special attention to the legs, abdomen, chest and tail area, which tend to retain more moisture.
Home environment, rest and temperature changes
In addition to walks, it is essential to take care of the dog's resting place During the winter. Ideally, your bed should be placed away from drafts, doors leading outside, or very cold floors such as marble or tile. A padded bed with good floor insulation An additional blanket allows the dog to better retain body heat, which is especially important for puppies and older dogs.
If the dog lives outdoors or spends many hours outside, it should have a well-insulated boothThe enclosure should be dry, protected from wind and rain, and preferably made of materials that help retain heat and prevent dampness. The interior should have a raised bed and, if possible, some type of insulating material to prevent the cold from the ground from reaching the animal's body.
The sudden temperature changes They are also harmful. Going from a very heated interior to a freezing exterior can cause respiratory problems. Before going outside, you can lower the heating slightly or prevent the dog from being near direct heat sources, so that the contrast isn't so stark when crossing the threshold.
Nutrition, exercise and stimulation in the cold months
The cold causes many dogs to expend more energy to maintain their body temperature, especially if they live outdoors or are very active outside. In these cases, it may be necessary slightly increase calories Regarding diet, always consult with a veterinarian to avoid weight gain. Conversely, dogs that spend the winter indoors, with less activity, should have their food portions controlled to prevent weight gain.
Even if it's cold, it's important that the dog continues exercising dailyIf walks are shorter, we can supplement them with indoor games that keep him physically and mentally active, such as scent work, treasure hunts, or small obstacle courses with gentle challenges. Keeping him stimulated reduces stress and helps him relax for the rest of the day.
Hygiene, coat and vaccinations in winter
Furthermore, the dog vaccinations They should be up-to-date on their vaccinations, as they may encounter dogs with coughs or other problems resulting from these low temperatures. Consult your veterinarian about the respiratory vaccines Recommended checkups and regular reviews are a good way to prevent complications in the colder months.
Hair is the natural shelter of the dog, so it's important to take extra care of it in winter. Very drastic haircuts are not recommended at this time of year, as they reduce its insulating capacity. Ideally, a coat should be maintained regular brushing To remove dead hair, prevent knots, and allow the coat to form an air layer that insulates against the cold. Baths can be spaced out a little longer and should always be done with lukewarm water, suitable shampoo or with a complete drying so that the dog doesn't get wet.
By adapting the daily routine, taking care of the coat, paw pads, diet and home environment, we can help our dog get through the cold months comfortably and safely, enjoying winter walks without putting their health at risk.