Canine distemper It is a highly contagious viral disease that affects dogs, being especially dangerous in puppies and unvaccinated animals. Caused by a virus from the family Paramyxoviridae, this condition can attack various systems of the body, including the respiratory, digestive and nervous systems, with potentially fatal consequences.
How does distemper spread to dogs?
El canine distemper It is transmitted primarily through contact with bodily secretions of infected dogs, such as saliva, mucus, urine or feces. Infection can also occur through inhalation of viral particles present in the environment, especially in places frequented by dogs, such as parks or shelters.
Once a dog is infected, the virus begins its incubation process, which can last between 3 and 7 days. During this period, the animal may not show obvious symptoms, but remains contagious to other dogs.
Initial symptoms of distemper in dogs
The first signs of distemper may resemble those of a common cold, which can make early diagnosis difficult. Some early symptoms include:
- High fever (may appear in waves).
- Apathy, the dog shows less interest in playing or interacting.
- Loss of appetite and gradual weight loss.
- Nasal and ocular discharge, which go from being watery to mucous and purulent.
- persistent dry cough.
Evolution of distemper and severe symptoms
If the disease progresses without veterinary treatment, the symptoms may intensify and affect different organs and systems of the canine body:
- Respiratory problems: worsening cough, difficulty breathing, and pneumonia.
- digestive symptoms: vomiting, severe diarrhea (sometimes bloody), and severe dehydration.
- Neurological complications: seizures, involuntary muscle tremors, partial or total paralysis, and uncoordinated movements.
- Hyperkeratosis: abnormal thickening of the plantar pads and nose (also called "hard pad disease").
Diagnosing Distemper in Dogs
Since the symptoms can be confused with other diseases, it is essential to go to a veterinarian if you suspect any of the above. Diagnosis is usually made by:
- PCR tests: detects the presence of the virus in samples of mucus, tears, urine or feces.
- Blood tests: they evaluate the affectation of the immune system.
- Microscopic observation: detection of infected cells in samples obtained from the eye or oral cavity.
Treatment of distemper in dogs
There is no specific treatment to eliminate the distemper virus, but medications can be administered drugs to relieve symptoms and improve the dog's quality of life:
- Antibiotics: help prevent secondary bacterial infections.
- Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic: to reduce fever and inflammation.
- anticonvulsants: in cases of neurological involvement.
- Supplements and fluid therapy: to maintain hydration and provide essential nutrients.
Treatment should be administered by a specialized veterinarian, who will determine the best approach based on the dog's condition.
How to prevent distemper in dogs?
Timely vaccination It is the main tool for preventing distemper. It is recommended that puppies receive the first dose at around 6-8 weeks of age, with subsequent boosters.
- Avoid contact with sick dogs.
- Disinfection of objects and spaces where dogs spend time.
- Periodic veterinary check-ups to ensure that immunization is up to date.
Distemper in dogs is a serious disease that requires immediate attention. While treatment can help mitigate symptoms, prevention Vaccination is still the best strategy to protect your pet. If you have any suspicious symptoms, consult a veterinarian to take action in time.